<?php
/**
 * CodeIgniter
 *
 * An open source application development framework for PHP
 *
 * This content is released under the MIT License (MIT)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2019 - 2022, CodeIgniter Foundation
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * @author	EllisLab Dev Team
 * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (https://ellislab.com/)
 * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology (https://bcit.ca/)
 * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2019 - 2022, CodeIgniter Foundation (https://codeigniter.com/)
 * @license	https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT	MIT License
 *
 * @link	https://codeigniter.com
 * @since	Version 1.0.0
 *
 * @filesource
 */
defined('BASEPATH') or exit('No direct script access allowed');

/**
 * CodeIgniter CAPTCHA Helper
 *
 * @category	Helpers
 *
 * @author		EllisLab Dev Team
 *
 * @link		https://codeigniter.com/userguide3/helpers/captcha_helper.html
 */

// ------------------------------------------------------------------------

if (! function_exists('create_captcha')) {
    /**
     * Create CAPTCHA
     *
     * @param  array  $data  Data for the CAPTCHA
     * @param  string  $img_path  Path to create the image in (deprecated)
     * @param  string  $img_url  URL to the CAPTCHA image folder (deprecated)
     * @param  string  $font_path  Server path to font (deprecated)
     * @return string
     */
    function create_captcha($data = '', $img_path = '', $img_url = '', $font_path = '')
    {
        $defaults = [
            'word' => '',
            'img_path' => '',
            'img_url' => '',
            'img_width' => '150',
            'img_height' => '30',
            'font_path' => '',
            'expiration' => 7200,
            'word_length' => 8,
            'font_size' => 16,
            'img_id' => '',
            'pool' => '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ',
            'colors' => [
                'background' => [255, 255, 255],
                'border' => [153, 102, 102],
                'text' => [204, 153, 153],
                'grid' => [255, 182, 182],
            ],
        ];

        foreach ($defaults as $key => $val) {
            if (! is_array($data) && empty($$key)) {
                $$key = $val;
            } else {
                $$key = isset($data[$key]) ? $data[$key] : $val;
            }
        }

        if (! extension_loaded('gd')) {
            log_message('error', 'create_captcha(): GD extension is not loaded.');

            return false;
        }

        if ($img_path === '' or $img_url === '') {
            log_message('error', 'create_captcha(): $img_path and $img_url are required.');

            return false;
        }

        if (! is_dir($img_path) or ! is_really_writable($img_path)) {
            log_message('error', "create_captcha(): '{$img_path}' is not a dir, nor is it writable.");

            return false;
        }

        // -----------------------------------
        // Remove old images
        // -----------------------------------

        $now = microtime(true);

        $current_dir = @opendir($img_path);
        while ($filename = @readdir($current_dir)) {
            if (in_array(substr($filename, -4), ['.jpg', '.png'])
                && (str_replace(['.jpg', '.png'], '', $filename) + $expiration) < $now) {
                @unlink($img_path . $filename);
            }
        }

        @closedir($current_dir);

        // -----------------------------------
        // Do we have a "word" yet?
        // -----------------------------------

        if (empty($word)) {
            $word = '';
            $pool_length = strlen($pool);
            $rand_max = $pool_length - 1;

            // PHP7 or a suitable polyfill
            if (function_exists('random_int')) {
                try {
                    for ($i = 0; $i < $word_length; $i++) {
                        $word .= $pool[random_int(0, $rand_max)];
                    }
                } catch (Exception $e) {
                    // This means fallback to the next possible
                    // alternative to random_int()
                    $word = '';
                }
            }
        }

        if (empty($word)) {
            // Nobody will have a larger character pool than
            // 256 characters, but let's handle it just in case ...
            //
            // No, I do not care that the fallback to mt_rand() can
            // handle it; if you trigger this, you're very obviously
            // trying to break it. -- Narf
            if ($pool_length > 256) {
                return false;
            }

            // We'll try using the operating system's PRNG first,
            // which we can access through CI_Security::get_random_bytes()
            $security = get_instance()->security;

            // To avoid numerous get_random_bytes() calls, we'll
            // just try fetching as much bytes as we need at once.
            if (($bytes = $security->get_random_bytes($pool_length)) !== false) {
                $byte_index = $word_index = 0;
                while ($word_index < $word_length) {
                    // Do we have more random data to use?
                    // It could be exhausted by previous iterations
                    // ignoring bytes higher than $rand_max.
                    if ($byte_index === $pool_length) {
                        // No failures should be possible if the
                        // first get_random_bytes() call didn't
                        // return FALSE, but still ...
                        for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
                            if (($bytes = $security->get_random_bytes($pool_length)) === false) {
                                continue;
                            }

                            $byte_index = 0;
                            break;
                        }

                        if ($bytes === false) {
                            // Sadly, this means fallback to mt_rand()
                            $word = '';
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    [, $rand_index] = unpack('C', $bytes[$byte_index++]);
                    if ($rand_index > $rand_max) {
                        continue;
                    }

                    $word .= $pool[$rand_index];
                    $word_index++;
                }
            }
        }

        if (empty($word)) {
            for ($i = 0; $i < $word_length; $i++) {
                $word .= $pool[mt_rand(0, $rand_max)];
            }
        } elseif (! is_string($word)) {
            $word = (string) $word;
        }

        // -----------------------------------
        // Determine angle and position
        // -----------------------------------
        $length = strlen($word);
        $angle = ($length >= 6) ? mt_rand(-($length - 6), ($length - 6)) : 0;
        $x_axis = mt_rand(6, (360 / $length) - 16);
        $y_axis = ($angle >= 0) ? mt_rand($img_height, $img_width) : mt_rand(6, $img_height);

        // Create image
        // PHP.net recommends imagecreatetruecolor(), but it isn't always available
        $im = function_exists('imagecreatetruecolor')
            ? imagecreatetruecolor($img_width, $img_height)
            : imagecreate($img_width, $img_height);

        // -----------------------------------
        //  Assign colors
        // ----------------------------------

        is_array($colors) or $colors = $defaults['colors'];

        foreach (array_keys($defaults['colors']) as $key) {
            // Check for a possible missing value
            is_array($colors[$key]) or $colors[$key] = $defaults['colors'][$key];
            $colors[$key] = imagecolorallocate($im, $colors[$key][0], $colors[$key][1], $colors[$key][2]);
        }

        // Create the rectangle
        imagefilledrectangle($im, 0, 0, $img_width, $img_height, $colors['background']);

        // -----------------------------------
        //  Create the spiral pattern
        // -----------------------------------
        $theta = 1;
        $thetac = 7;
        $radius = 16;
        $circles = 20;
        $points = 32;

        for ($i = 0, $cp = ($circles * $points) - 1; $i < $cp; $i++) {
            $theta += $thetac;
            $rad = $radius * ($i / $points);
            $x = ($rad * cos($theta)) + $x_axis;
            $y = ($rad * sin($theta)) + $y_axis;
            $theta += $thetac;
            $rad1 = $radius * (($i + 1) / $points);
            $x1 = ($rad1 * cos($theta)) + $x_axis;
            $y1 = ($rad1 * sin($theta)) + $y_axis;
            imageline($im, $x, $y, $x1, $y1, $colors['grid']);
            $theta -= $thetac;
        }

        // -----------------------------------
        //  Write the text
        // -----------------------------------

        $use_font = ($font_path !== '' && file_exists($font_path) && function_exists('imagettftext'));
        if ($use_font === false) {
            ($font_size > 5) && $font_size = 5;
            $x = mt_rand(0, $img_width / ($length / 3));
            $y = 0;
        } else {
            ($font_size > 30) && $font_size = 30;
            $x = mt_rand(0, $img_width / ($length / 1.5));
            $y = $font_size + 2;
        }

        for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
            if ($use_font === false) {
                $y = mt_rand(0, $img_height / 2);
                imagestring($im, $font_size, $x, $y, $word[$i], $colors['text']);
                $x += ($font_size * 2);
            } else {
                $y = mt_rand($img_height / 2, $img_height - 3);
                imagettftext($im, $font_size, $angle, $x, $y, $colors['text'], $font_path, $word[$i]);
                $x += $font_size;
            }
        }

        // Create the border
        imagerectangle($im, 0, 0, $img_width - 1, $img_height - 1, $colors['border']);

        // -----------------------------------
        //  Generate the image
        // -----------------------------------
        $img_url = rtrim($img_url, '/') . '/';

        if (function_exists('imagejpeg')) {
            $img_filename = $now . '.jpg';
            imagejpeg($im, $img_path . $img_filename);
        } elseif (function_exists('imagepng')) {
            $img_filename = $now . '.png';
            imagepng($im, $img_path . $img_filename);
        } else {
            return false;
        }

        $img = '<img ' . ($img_id === '' ? '' : 'id="' . $img_id . '"') . ' src="' . $img_url . $img_filename . '" style="width: ' . $img_width . 'px; height: ' . $img_height . 'px; border: 0;" alt=" " />';
        imagedestroy($im);

        return ['word' => $word, 'time' => $now, 'image' => $img, 'filename' => $img_filename];
    }
}
